Return On Investment When Business Is Good

If you're one of the lucky folks managing online or catalog marketing at a company that is "winning", you have an interesting opportunity.

Let's say that this profit and loss statement represented what you expected to happen in April.

Demand	$100,000
Net Sales	$85,000
Gross Margin	$42,500
Less Marketing Cost	$25,000
Less Fulfillment Expense	$10,200
Operating Profit	$7,300
% of Net Sales	8.6%
Ad to Sales Ratio	29.4%
Average Order Size	$85.00
Number of Purchasers	1,176
Cost Per Purchaser	$21.25
Profit Per Purchaser	$6.21

You expected to generate $7,300 profit, and 1,176 new customers.

You execute this marketing plan, and observe these actual results for the month of April:

Demand	$115,000
Net Sales	$97,750
Gross Margin	$48,875
Less Marketing Cost	$25,000
Less Fulfillment Expense	$11,730
Operating Profit	$12,145
% of Net Sales	12.4%
Ad to Sales Ratio	25.6%
Average Order Size	$85.00
Number of Purchasers	1,353
Cost Per Purchaser	$18.48
Profit Per Purchaser	$8.98

Courtesy of the magic of your merchandising team, customers loved what you offered them, spending 15% more than expected.

Here's the challenge. If you believe that during the month of May you will see similar results, you can pocket a similar level of sales and profit.

Or, you can increase your advertising, and acquire more names, while still generating the same level of profit you promised to your CFO. This example shows what could happen, if you boosted your advertising spend:

Demand	$143,635
Net Sales	$122,090
Gross Margin	$61,045
Less Marketing Cost	$39,000
Less Fulfillment Expense	$14,651
Operating Profit	$7,394
% of Net Sales	6.1%
Ad to Sales Ratio	31.9%
Average Order Size	$85.00
Number of Purchasers	1,690
Cost Per Purchaser	$23.08
Profit Per Purchaser	$4.38

This is one of those unique mysteries that complicate the lives of those of us who manage profit and loss statements for online or catalog channels.

Choice number one allows us to pocket an additional five thousand dollars of profit.

Choice number two allows us to achieve our budgeted profit, but grows the top-line by an additional $28,000, and adds an additional 337 customers that contribute to future sales and profit.

I've always advocated spending more money when times are good, and spending more money when times are bad (to liquidate merchandise, but not at liquidation prices) --- holding to the marketing budget when business is close to plan.

What would you do? Would you pocket the profit today, or, would you spend more to acquire more customers, customers that deliver future sales and profit? Your thoughts?

Business Review: PC Connection

PC Connection significantly improved the profitability of its business during the past year. Let's take a look at some of the key findings from their most recent 10-Q statement.

Through nine months, net sales increased by fifteen percent to just over $1.2 billion dollars. Earnings before taxes dramatically improved, from $7.8 million last year to $14.7 million this year.

• Small Businesses and Consumers = $655.6 million dollars sales and $4.3 million dollars profit. Sales improved seven percent, profit improved by $1.4 million dollars. Gross Margin was 13.5% in 2006 verses 12.5% in 2005.
  
• Large Accounts = $350.0 million dollars sales and $17.6 million dollars profit. Sales improved by a whopping forty-nine percent, profit improved by $5.2 million dollars. Gross Margin was 10.9% in 2006 verses 10.3% in 2005.
  
• Public Sector = $197.8 million dollars sales and a loss of $7.2 million dollars. Sales were essentially flat, while profit improved by $0.3 million dollars. Gross Margin was 12.3% in 2006 verses 11.5% in 2006.
  

By product offering, sales improved nicely across all merchandise divisions.

• Notebooks and PDAs = +7% (the largest merchandise division, $210,000,000 YTD).
  
• Desktops and Servers = +12%
• Storage Devices = +14%
• Software = +20%
• Net/Com Products = +19%
• Printers and Supplies = +11%
• Video, Imaging & Sound = +25%
• Memory & System Enhancements = +8%
• Accessories & Other = +23%

Management makes several interesting observations in this report.

• Small business sales increased among businesses, but decreased among consumers.
• Increases in online sales were offset by decreases in telephone sales.
• The number of catalogs mailed were decreased verses 2006, focusing instead on more diverse strategies to drive sales among businesses.
  
• Large accounts benefited from inclusion of sales from Amherst sales representatives, and a twelve percent growth in organic sales.
• Gross margins were improved by vendor considerations.

I enjoy reading about businesses that I am not familiar with. Specifically, I have generally worked for businesses with gross margins in the forty to sixty percent range, businesses that largely developed their own products.

In this case, PC Connection largely sources merchandise from vendors who can and do sell their own merchandise through their own distribution channels, or through other channels. For instance, HP computers can be sold via HP's website, or through businesses like Best Buy. Competitively, PC Connection would have to differentiate itself in some manner, so that customers choose their business. In my case, I buy from PC Connection because merchandise is shipped in a rapid and inexpensive manner.

As you can see, PC Connection faces challenges managing a business with gross margins in the twelve percent range. Downturns in business can cause the business to not leverage fixed expenses. Large accounts appear highly profitable, as sales and margin leverage a minimal expense structure. The majority of the profit generated by PC Connection is generated by only 87 employees. More than four hundred employees manage the small business segment.

It will be interesting to see if PC Connection can continue to drive sales and profit increases at a time when margin pressure increases in the computing industry. What do you think about the prospects for PC Connection?